Angio Cardiography - 3D ACG Machine & VAD - Non Invasive detection of arterial blood flow



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This Machine uses specialised data acquisition method followed by precision digital signal processing (DSP) techniques to obtain minute changes that take place in our cardiovascular system every mili-second. The acquired data consists of pulsatile changes that occur due to blood flow during systole and diastole, changes due to the breathing activity, electrical and mechanical activity during the entire cardiac cycle.A Special device called “Vertical Acceleration Detector” or VAD is used together with DSP techniques to record the flow pattern (laminar or turbulent) during various instances of the cardiac cycle, together with the signals pertaining to the opening and closing of the Mitral and Aortic valve.

The acquired Information from every beat for 256 beats during a procedure is used to measure the Volumes, the Pressures, and Inter and Intra-cycle timings. Flow of Blood into the Heart, out of the Heart and into the coronary circulation is then computed during various times of the Cardiac cycle (Blood flow is a function of the Pressure, Volume and Time). It is Important to know that Blood flowing into the heart, out of the heart and into the coronary system takes place at different moment of time within the same cardiac cycle

The Cardiac Cycle

The Cardiac Cyle - Non-Invasively obtained dV/dt Curve. Time related with other physiological curve, as produced by Haemoseis 256™

Every Event during every single cycle Occurs at Precise times.

Primary Importance to understand CCG is to understand what happens and when.

Never before has it been possible to obtain such critical Information on the Cardiac Cycle Non-Invasively

Cardiovascular Cartography (CCG) is a tetrapolar lead system with paired inner electrodes placed on either side in the supraclavicular fossa just above the level of the suprasternal notch, and along the midaxillary line at the level of the xiphoid.

The electrodes are applied after the skin had been gently swabbed with alcohol.
Leads for the electrocardiogram are placed on the right and the left pectore areas and on the right and the left lower quadrants of the abdomen
The lead (I, II, III) that gives the best definition of the QRS complex is used for computation purposes.
The Low-Bandwidth Cardiac Subsonics (10 Hz to 200 Hz) is recorded using a special narrow bandwidth Piezo vertical acceleration Detector (VAD), placed along the left sternal border at a site where the second heart sound is loudest.
Finally, the arterial blood pressure is obtained using an automatic Continuous NIBP

Comparison with Coronary Angiography

Source : IEEE CBMS-2001, 26-27 July 2001, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

Example of Case Studies with 3DCCG and Coronary Angiography

Study-1

Study-2

Study-3

Study-4